CCC Cross Reference:
Gal 3:24 582, 708, 1963; Gal 3:27-28 791; Gal 3:27 1227, 1243, 1425, 2348
Ps 105:3 30
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Reading 1
Gal 3:22-29
Brothers and sisters:
(But) scripture confined all things under the power of sin,
that through faith in Jesus Christ
the promise might be given to those who believe.
Before faith came, we were held in custody under law,
confined for the faith that was to be revealed.
Consequently, the law was our disciplinarian for Christ,
that we might be justified by faith.
But now that faith has come, we are no longer under a disciplinarian.
For through faith you are all children of God in Christ Jesus.
For all of you who were baptized into Christ
have clothed yourselves with Christ.
There is neither Jew nor Greek,
there is neither slave nor free person,
there is not male and female;
for you are all one in Christ Jesus.
And if you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham's descendant,
heirs according to the promise.
Responsorial Psalm
Ps 105:2-3, 4-5, 6-7
R. (8a) The Lord remembers his covenant for ever.
or:
R. Alleluia.
Sing to him, sing his praise,
proclaim all his wondrous deeds.
Sing praise, play music; proclaim all his wondrous deeds!
Glory in his holy name;
rejoice, O hearts that seek the Lord!
Glory in his holy name; rejoice, O hearts that seek the LORD!
R. The Lord remembers his covenant for ever.
or:
R. Alleluia.
Look to the Lord in his strength;
seek to serve him constantly.
Rely on the mighty LORD; constantly seek his face.
Recall the wondrous deeds that he has wrought,
his portents, and the judgments he has uttered.
Recall the wondrous deeds he has done, his signs and his words of judgment,
R. The Lord remembers his covenant for ever.
or:
R. Alleluia.
You descendants of Abraham, his servants,
sons of Jacob, his chosen ones!
You descendants of Abraham his servant, offspring of Jacob the chosen one!
He, the Lord, is our God;
throughout the earth his judgments prevail.
The LORD is our God who rules the whole earth.
R. The Lord remembers his covenant for ever.
or:
R. Alleluia.
Gospel
Lk 11:27-28
While he (Jesus) was speaking,
a woman from the crowd called out and said to him,
“Blessed is the womb that carried you
and the breasts at which you nursed.”
He replied, “Rather, blessed are those
who hear the word of God and observe it.”
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Readings from the Jerusalem Bible
First reading Galatians 3:22 – 29
Scripture makes no exceptions when it says that sin is master everywhere. In this way the promise can only be given through faith in Jesus Christ and can only be given to those who have this faith.
Before faith came, we were allowed no freedom by the Law; we were being looked after till faith was revealed. The Law was to be our guardian until the Christ came and we could be justified by faith. Now that that time has come we are no longer under that guardian, and you are, all of you, sons of God through faith in Christ Jesus. All baptized in Christ, you have all clothed yourselves in Christ, and there are no more distinctions between Jew and Greek, slave and free, male and female, but all of you are one in Christ Jesus. Merely by belonging to Christ you are the posterity of Abraham, the heirs he was promised.
Responsorial Psalm:
Psalm 104(105):2-7
The Lord remembers his covenant for ever.
or
Alleluia!
O sing to the Lord, sing his praise;
tell all his wonderful works!
Be proud of his holy name,
let the hearts that seek the Lord rejoice.
The Lord remembers his covenant for ever.
or
Alleluia!
Consider the Lord and his strength;
constantly seek his face.
Remember the wonders he has done,
his miracles, the judgements he spoke.
The Lord remembers his covenant for ever.
or
Alleluia!
O children of Abraham, his servant,
O sons of the Jacob he chose.
He, the Lord, is our God:
his judgements prevail in all the earth.
The Lord remembers his covenant for ever.
or
Alleluia!
Gospel Luke 11:27 – 28
Now as Jesus was speaking, a woman in the crowd raised her voice and said, ‘Happy the womb that bore you and the breasts you sucked!’ But he replied, ‘Still happier those who hear the word of God and keep it!’
Readings and Commentary from Navarre
Saturday of the 27th Week in Ordinary Time
From: Galatians 3:22-29
The Law and the Promise (Continuation)
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[22] But the scripture consigned all things to sin, that what was promised to faith in Jesus Christ might be given to those who believe.
[23] Now before faith came, we were confined under the law, kept under restraint until faith should be revealed. [24] So that the law was our custodian until Christ came, that we might be justified by faith. [25] But now that faith has come, we are no longer under a custodian; [26] for in Christ Jesus you are all sons of God, through faith. [27] For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ. [28] There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is neither male nor female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus. [29] And if you are Christ's, then you are Abraham's offspring, heirs according to promise.
Commentary:
21-25. "But the scripture consigned all things to sin": it is not easy to understand this phrase but its meaning becomes clearer in the context of the whole passage: God reveals that all men are under the power of sin, Jews as well as Gentiles, despite the Jews having received the Law (cf. Rom 3:10-18). The reason this is so is, again, the inability of the Law to confer justification; the Law had no power to free us from the devil, sin or death. But now, in the fullness of time, God's purpose in giving the Law is made manifest -- namely, to protect and guide mankind during its minority, rather as a governess or tutor looks after a child until he has grown up. The tutor keeps an eye on the child: the child cannot do whatever he likes but must be guided by his teacher. And so it is with mankind: it was a minor, of whom the Law was the custodian, so to speak; but when the fullness of time came God sent his son Jesus Christ, who set us free from sin, from death and from the Law itself, our tutor. That is why the Apostle says, "Now that faith has come, we are no longer under a custodian." This faith is the new life which has taken over from the harsh discipline of the Law.
To us, centuries later, these arguments and teachings of St Paul's may seem irrelevant. We need to put ourselves in the position of a Jew of his time -- a zealous upholder of the Law, and yet unable to cope with the sheer weight of all its precepts and accretions -- who, now that he has converted to faith in Christ, has a real sense of liberation: he has been freed from all his old shackles and is now eager to show his former Jewish brothers that they too can attain the same freedom in Christ Jesus.
24. The Law, like the whole of the Old Testament, had this function in relation to the New -- to prepare the way for its promulgation. Everything in the books of the Old Testament refers directly or indirectly to our Lord Jesus Christ and his work of redemption: the two Testaments are intimately connected, as Tradition teaches and the Second Vatican Council reminds us: "God, the inspirer and author of the books of both Testaments, in his wisdom has so brought it about that the New should be hidden in the Old and that the Old should be made manifest in the New. For, although Christ founded the New Covenant in his blood (cf. Lk 22: 20; 1 Cor 11:25), still the books of the Old Testament, all of them caught up into the Gospel message, attain and show forth their full meaning in the New Testament (cf. Mt 5:17, Lk 24:27; Rom 16:25-26; 2 Cor 3:14-16) and, in their turn, shed light on it and explain it" ("Dei Verbum", 16).
27. St John of Avila, commenting on this passage, says, "The Holy Spirit was not content with saying that we are bathed and anointed: here he says that we are clothed, and the clothing we are given is not just something beautiful and costly: it is Jesus Christ himself, who is the sum total of all beauty, all value, all richness, etc. What he means is that the beauty of Jesus Christ, his justice, his grace, his riches, his splendor, shine out from us with the splendor of the sun and is reflected as in the purest of mirrors" ("Lecciones Sobre Gal, ad loc.").
St Paul uses this metaphor of our being decked out in Christ in many other passages (cf. Rom 13:14; 1 Cor 15:43; Eph 4:24; 6:11; Col 3:10; etc.) to describe the intimate union between the baptized person and Christ, a union so intense that the Christian can be said to be "another Christ".
28. In the order of nature, it may be said, all men are radically equal: as descendants of Adam, we are born in the image and likeness of God (cf. Gen 1:26-27). The different functions which people have in the life of society do not alter this basic, natural equality. From this point of view there is no real difference, nor should there be, between one person and another, no difference even between man and woman: both are made in the image and likeness of God.
In the order of grace, which the Redemption inaugurates, this essential, original equality was restored by Christ, who became man and died on the Cross to save all. John Paul II points out that this true meaning of the dignity of man is enhanced by the Redemption: "In the mystery of the Redemption man becomes newly 'expressed' and, in a way, is newly created. He is newly created! 'There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is neither male nor female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus' (Gal 3:28). The man who wishes to understand himself thoroughly -- and not just in accordance with immediate, partial, often superficial, and even illusory standards and measures of his being – must with his unrest, uncertainty and even his weakness and sinfulness, with his life and death, draw near to Christ.He must, so to speak, enter into him with all his own self, he must 'appropriate' and assimilate the whole of the reality of the Incarnation and Redemption in order to find himself" ("Redemptor Hominis", 10)
From this radical equality of all men is derived that universal fraternity which should govern human relations: "Our Lord has come to bring peace, good news and life to all. Not only to the rich, nor only to the poor. Not only to the wise, nor only to the simple. To everyone. To the brethren, for brothers we are, children of the same Father, God. So there is only one race, the race of the children of God. There is only one color, the color of the children of God. And there is only one language, the language which speaks to the heart and to the mind, without the noise of words, making us know God and love one another" (St. J. Escriva, "Christ Is Passing By", 106).
From: Luke 11:27-28
Responding to the Word of God
----------------------------------------------
[27] As He (Jesus) said this, a woman in the crowd raised her voice and said to Him, "Blessed is the womb that bore You, and the breasts that You sucked!" [28] But He said, "Blessed rather are those who hear the word of God and keep it!"
Commentary:
27-28. These words proclaim and praise the Blessed Virgin's basic attitude of soul. As the Second Vatican Council explains: "In the course of her Son's preaching she [Mary] received the words whereby, in extolling a Kingdom beyond the concerns and ties of flesh and blood, He declared blessed those who heard and kept the word of God (cf. Mark 3:35; Luke 11:27-28) as she was faithfully doing (cf. Luke 2:19-51)" ("Lumen Gentium", 58). Therefore, by replying in this way Jesus is not rejecting the warm praise this good lady renders His Mother; He accepts it and goes further, explaining that Mary is blessed particularly because she has been good and faithful in putting the word of God into practice. "It was a complement to His Mother on her "fiat", 'be it done' (Luke 1:38). She lived it sincerely, unstintingly, fulfilling its every consequence, but never amid fanfare, rather in the hidden and silent sacrifice of each day" (St. J. Escriva, "Christ Is Passing By", 177). See the note on Luke 1:34-38.
[Note on Luke 1:34-38 states:
34-38. Commenting on this passage John Paul II said: "'Virgo fidelis', the faithful virgin. What does this faithfulness of Mary mean? What are the dimensions of this faithfulness? The first dimension is called search. Mary was faithful first of all when she began, lovingly, to seek the deep sense of God's plan in her and for the world. 'Quomodo fiet?' How shall this be?, she asked the Angel of the Annunciation [...]."
"The second dimension of faithfulness is called reception, acceptance. The 'quomodo fiet?' is changed, on Mary's lips, to a 'fiat': Let it be done, I am ready, I accept. This is the crucial moment of faithfulness, the moment in which man perceives that he will never completely understand the 'how': that there are in God's plan more areas of mystery than of clarity; that is, however he may try, he will never succeed in understanding it completely [...]."
"The third dimension of faithfulness is consistency to live in accordance with what one believes; to adapt one's own life to the object of one's adherence. To accept misunderstanding, persecutions, rather than a break between what one practices and what one believes: this is consistency [...]."
"But all faithfulness must pass the most exacting test, that of duration. Therefore, the fourth dimension of faithfulness is constancy. It is easy to be consistent for a day or two. It is difficult and important to be consistent for one's whole life. It is easy to be consistent in the hour of enthusiasm, it is difficult to be so in the hour of tribulation. And only a consistency that lasts throughout the whole life can be called faithfulness. Mary's 'fiat' in the Annunciation finds its fullness in the silent 'fiat' that she repeats at the foot of the Cross" ("Homily in Mexico City Cathedral", 26 January 1979).]
Source: "The Navarre Bible: Text and Commentaries". Biblical text from the Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate. Commentaries by members of the Faculty of Theology, University of Navarre, Spain.
Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and by Scepter Publishers in the United States. We encourage readers to purchase The Navarre Bible for personal study. See Scepter Publishers for details.
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